API 520-2 2020 pdf free download

API 520-2 2020 pdf free download.Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pressure-relieving Devices Part II—Installation.
1 Scope This standard covers methods of installation for pressure-relief devices (PRDs) for equipment that has a maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) of 15 psig (1.03 barg or 103 kPAg) or greater. Pressure-relief valves (PRVs) or rupture disks (RDs) may be used independently or in combination with each other to provide the required protection against excessive pressure accumulation. As used in this standard, the term pressure-relief valve includes safety-relief valves used in either compressible or incompressible fluid service, and relief valves used in incompressible fluid service. This standard covers gas, vapor, steam, two-phase, and incompressible fluid service; it does not cover special applications that require unusual installation considerations. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. API Standard 520, Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pressure-relieving Devices, Part I–Sizing and Selection 3 Terms and Definitions The terminology for PRDs that is used in this standard is in general agreement with the definitions given in API 520, Part I. 4 PRD Location 4.1 General There are a number of design factors that should be considered when determining the location of the PRD. 4.2 Proximity to Protected Equipment If other factors permit, the PRD should normally be placed close to the protected equipment or system of equipment so that the pressure in the protected equipment stays within code allowable limits and to avoid PRV instability (see Section 7).
4.4 Vibration Most vibrations that occur in piping systems are random and complex. These vibrations may cause leakage at the seat of a PRV, premature opening, or premature fatigue failure of certain valve parts or piping. Vibration in rupture disk piping may adversely affect the burst pressure and life of the rupture disk. Detrimental effects of vibrations on the PRD can be reduced by addressing the cause of vibrations, by additional piping support, by use of either pilot-operated relief valves or soft-seated PRVs, or by providing greater PRD operating margins. 4.5 Operating Environment When locating PRDs, consideration should be given to process conditions that could affect PRD reliability. Locating a PRD in a cleaner or cooler portion of the process may be preferable. 4.6 Free-draining The PRD inlet and outlet piping should be free-draining (no pockets) away from the PRD. See Section 11. 4.7 Maintainability The PRD should be installed in a location that facilitates access and maintenance. 5 Inlet Piping Requirements 5.1 General For general requirements for inlet piping, see Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4a, and Figure 4b.
5.2 Inlet Piping Diameter Requirements The nominal size of the inlet piping and fittings shall be the same as or larger than the nominal size of the pressure-relief valve inlet connection as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3. When two or more active pressure-relief valves are placed on one connection, the inlet internal cross- sectional area of this connection shall be sized to avoid restricting flow to the pressure-relief devices or made at least equal to the combined inlet areas of the in-service pressure-relief devices connected to it. The flow characteristics of this upstream system shall be such that the pressure drop will not reduce the relieving capacity below that required, or adversely affect the proper operation, of the pressure-relief valve. 5.3 Layout The inlet piping system to PRDs should be free-draining to prevent accumulation of liquid or foreign matter in the piping.
Horizontal lines are generally regarded as self-draining. However, avoid the installation of a PRV at the end of a long horizontal inlet pipe through which there is normally no flow. Solids, such as rust or scale, may accumulate, or liquid may be trapped, creating interference with the valve’s operation or requiring more frequent valve maintenance.