API MPMS 14.3.4-2006 pdf free download

API MPMS 14.3.4-2006 pdf free download.Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 14-Natural Gas Fluids Measurement.
4.1 Introduction and Nomenclature 4.1.1 INTRODUCTION This part of the standard for Concentric Square-Edged Orifice Meters provides the background and history of the development of the standard and recommends a method to solve the flow equations for mass and volumetric flow. 4.1.2 NOMENCLATURE The symbols used have, in some cases, been given a more general definition than that used in other parts of API 2530. Some symbols have a different meaning than that defined elsewhere in the standard. Care should therefore be given to the meaning of variables used in this document. Represented Quantity Line& coefficient of thermal expansion of the orifice plate material. Linear coefficient of thermal expansion of the meter tube material. Ratio of orifice plate bore diameter to meter tube internal diameter (&I) calculated at flowing temperature, $. Ratio of orifice plate bore diameter to meter tube internal diameter (dD) calculated at measured temperature, T,t. Ratio of orifice plate bore diameter to meter tube internal diameter (d/D) calculated at reference temperature, T,. Orifice plate coefficient of discharge. Coefficient of discharge at a specified pipe Reynolds number for flange-tapped orifice meter. First flange-tapped orifice plate coefficient of discharge constant within iteration scheme. Second flange-tapped orifice plate coefficient of discharge constant within iteration scheme. Third flange-tapped orifice plate coefficient of discharge constant within iteration scheme. Fourth flange-tapped orifice plate coefficient of discharge constant within itera- tion scheme. Fifth flange-tapped orifice plate coefficient of discharge constant within iteration scheme. Orifice plate coefficient of discharge bounds flag within iteration scheme. Orifice plate bore diameter calculated at flowing temperature $. Meter tube internal diameter calculated at flowing temperature $.
4.2 History and Development 4.2.1 BACKGROUND In May 1924, the Board of Directors of the Natural Gas Association (this later became the Natural Gas Department of the American Gas Association’) directed its Main Technical and Research Committee to establish a new subcommittee to be known as the Gas Meas- urement Committee. The duties of this new committee were outlined by the directors as: Determine the correct methods of installing orifice meters for measuring natural gas. Determine the necessary corrective factors and operative requirements in the use of orifice meters, using natural gas in all experimental work. Secure the cooperation and assistance of the National Bureau of Standards2 and the United States Bureau of Mines3, and secure, if possible, the assignment of members of their staffs to the Gas Measurement Committee to assist in this work. The Gas Measurement Committee held ifs first meefing in November 1924 and discussed various features of the work assigned to it. Beginning in the summer of 1925, and extending over a period of six years, this committee conducted several research projects on orifice meters. The Gas Measurement Committee published a preliminary report in 1927, which was revised in 1929, and Report No. 1 was issued in 1930. In the introduction to Report No. 1, the following statement was made: ‘This is not a final report, but it is made with the understanding that the committee will con- tinue its analytical studies of the data already developed, The committee also fully expects that it will be necessary for it to conduct further work of its own. This will make necessary one or more supplemental reports, in which the data will be summarized and the mathemat- ical principles announced, which are thebasis for the present report, and such modifications and extensions will be made as additional data and further study may require.”rn September 193 1, this committee joined with the Special Research Committee of Fluid Meters of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers4 in the formation of a Joint Com- mittee on Orifice Meters so that future publications on orifice meters by these two parent committees might be in harmony. This joint committee found that a few additional research projects on orifice meters, especially for the determination of the absolute values of orifice coefficients, were needed. Thereafter, the committee formally requested representatives of the National Bureau of Standards to review the data obtained in these later research projects and report their findings to the committee.