API MPMS 17.4 2016 pdf free download

API MPMS 17.4 2016 pdf free download.Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 17.4.
1 Scope This standard applies only to quantification by manual gauging of small volumes on marine vessels prior to loading or upon completion of discharge. It does not address clingage, hydrocarbon vapors, cargoes in transit, or cargo pumpability. Refer to API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS) Chapter 3. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. API MPMS Chapter 3 (all relevant sections), Tank Gauging API MPMS Chapter 3.1A, Standard Practice for the Manual Gauging of Petroleum and Petroleum Products API MPMS Chapter 7, Temperature Determination API MPMS Chapter 8.1, Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products API MPMS Chapter 12.1.1, Calculation of Static Petroleum Quantities—Upright Cylindrical Tanks and Marine Vessels API MPMS Chapter 17.1, Guidelines for Marine Inspection API MPMS Chapter 17.2, Measurement of Cargoes On Board Tank Vessels API MPMS Chapter 17.11, Measurement and Sampling of Cargoes On Board Tank Vessels Using Closed and Restricted Equipment 3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply. Other terms used in this standard are defined in API MPMS Chapter 1 or other API petroleum-measurement standards. 3.1 clingage Cargo that adheres to all surfaces of the emptied portion of the tank other than bottom surfaces.
4.2 Static Electricity Hazards If the tank is in a noninert condition, specific precautions will be required with regard to safe measurement and sampling procedures when handling static accumulator oils. These are generally as follows: during loading, and for 30 minutes after the completion of loading, metallic equipment for dipping (gauging), ullaging, or sampling shall not be introduced into or remain in the tank. Examples of equipment include manual steel ullage tapes, portable gauging devices mounted on deck stand pipes, metal sampling apparatus, and metal sounding rods. Nonconducting equipment with no metal parts may, in general, be used at any time. However, ropes or tapes used to lower equipment into tanks shall not be made from synthetic materials. After the 30-minute waiting period, metallic equipment may also be used for dipping (gauging), ullaging, and sampling, but it is essential that it is effectively bonded and properly grounded before it is introduced into the tank and that it remains grounded until after it has been removed. Operations carried out through stand pipes are per- missible at any time because it is not possible for any significant charge to accumulate on the surface of the liquid within a correctly designed and installed stand pipe. A stand pipe should extend the full depth of the tank and be effectively bonded and earthed to the tank structure. 4.3 Health Hazards Petroleum vapor dilutes oxygen in the air and may also be toxic. Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) vapors are par- ticularly hazardous. Petroleum vapors with relatively low concentrations of hydrogen sulfide may cause unconsciousness or death. During and after the opening of any tank or vapor control valve, personnel should position themselves to avoid any gas that may be released. Harmful vapors or oxygen deficiency cannot always be detected by smell, visual inspection, or judgment. Appropriate precautions should be used for the protection against toxic vapors or oxygen deficiency.
Procedures should be developed to provide for the following: a) exposure monitoring, b) need for personal protective equipment, c) emergency rescue precautions. When necessary, suitable fresh air breathing equipment should be worn prior to entering the gauge site and during the gauging and sampling procedure. This discussion on safety issues is not exhaustive and the appropriate API or Energy Institute publications, together with ISGOTT [5] , International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) [7] , and Oil Companies International Marine Forum (OCIMF) publications, should be consulted for applicable safety precautions.