API MPMS 23.1 2016 pdf free download

API MPMS 23.1 2016 pdf free download.Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 23.1 Reconciliation of Liquid Pipeline Quantities.
1 1.1 General This publication provides methodologies for monitoring liquid pipeline loss/gain and for determining the 1.1.1 normal loss/gain level for any given pipeline system. Troubleshooting suggestions are also presented. This document does not establish industry standards for loss/gain level because each system is 1.1.2 individual and exhibits its own loss/gain level and/or patterns under normal operating conditions. The document provides operational and statistically based tools for identifying when a system has 1.1.3 deviated from normal, the magnitude of the deviation, and guidelines for identifying the causes of deviation from normal. 1.2 Field of Application The primary application of this publication is in custody transfer liquid pipeline systems in which there is 1.2.1 provision for measuring all liquids that enter the system and exit the system, as well as liquid inventory within the system. The application is not intended for nonliquid or mixed-phase systems. The applications and examples in this document are intended primarily for custody transfer pipeline 1.2.2 systems, but the principles may be applied to any system that involves the measurement of liquids into and out of the system and possibly, inventory of liquids within the system. Such systems may include pipelines, marine terminals, marine voyages, bulk loading or storage terminals, tank farms, and rail and trucking systems. Normative References 2 The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
3 For the purposes of this document, these specific definitions apply. 3.1 action limits Control limits applied to a control chart or log to indicate when action is necessary to inspect or calibrate equipment and possibly, issue a correction ticket. Action limits are normally based on 95 % to 99 % confidence levels for statistical uncertainty analyses of the group of measurements. 3.2 control chart A graphical method for evaluating whether meter proving operations are in or out of a state of statistical control. 3.3 control chart—fixed limit A control chart in which control limits are based on adopted fixed values. Historically, fixed limits have been used to control the limits on meter factor changes. 3.4 control chart—loss/gain A graphical method for evaluating whether loss/gain and/or meter proving operations are in or out of a “state of statistical control.” 3.5 control limits Limits applied to a control chart or log to indicate the need for action and/or whether or not data are in a state of statistical control. Several control limits can be applied to a single control chart or log to determine when various levels of action are warranted. Terms used to describe various control limits are “warning,” “action,” and “tolerance” limits. 3.6 mean or central value The average or standard value of the data being plotted on a control chart and is the reference value from which control limits are determined.
3.7 repeatability A measure of the agreement between the results of successive measurements of the same variable carried out by the same method, with the same instrument, at the same location, and within a short period of time. 3.8 standard deviation The root mean square deviation of the observed value from the average. It is a measure of how much the data differ from the mean value of all the data. Standard deviation can also be a measure of confidence level. NOTE For further information concerning the application of Standard Deviation, reference API MPMS Chapter 13.1 and Chapter 1 3.2. 3.9 statistical control The data on a control chart are in a state of statistical control if the data hover in a random fashion around a central mean value, and at least 99 % of the data are within the three standard deviation control limits, and the data do not exhibit any trends with time.