API RP 2001 pdf free download

API RP 2001 pdf free download.Fire Protection in Refineries.
7.2.4 Procedures for reducing static charge accumulation while loading tank trucks, tank cars, tankers, and barges should be prepared and followed. Refer to API 2003. 7.2.5 Grounding or electrical insulation of electrical equipment, lines, cargo hoses, and equipment shall follow API guidelines for dissipation of static charges (see API 2003) for loading installations at docks, wharves, piers, loading terminals, and railcar loading installations. 7.2.6 Grounding or electrical isolation of hydrocarbon processing equipment should meet API 540. An assurance program should be established and performed routinely by qualified personnel to verify proper electrical grounding or isolation. 7.2.7 Housekeeping procedures should be followed in all areas to prevent accumulations of oil, grease, or Class A materials (rags, wood, cardboard). 7.2.8 Fire and safety systems should be easily identified (color coded and identified), inspected routinely for operability, maintained, and calibrated in accordance with manufacturers’ recommendations to assure they will function as designed and intended. Personnel expected to operate this equipment as part of their job responsibility should be trained on the equipment, its capabilities, and limitations. 7.2.9 Storage of flammable or combustible liquids should be in accordance with NFPA 30. 7.2.10 SOPs for material transfers should be incorporated into daily operations. Examples include: a) tank gauging, b) tank sampling, c) tank transfer line up, d) tank filling—product movement, e) water draws, f) tank dike drain valve position. Employees should be aware of the procedures to be followed in the event of high-level or overfill alarms, spills, releases, or other emergencies that may occur during material transfer operations. 7.2.11 A clear understanding of utility system capabilities, capacities, and limitations is needed by operating personnel to ensure safe operation.
7.2.14 Control and maintenance of purge and pressurization systems for equipment that does not meet the electrical classification for the area is essential for control and suppression of ignition sources. See NFPA 496. 7.2.15 Precautions should be taken to exclude air, water, inert gases, and other noncompatible, contaminated, or undesirable materials from processes for which they were neither designed nor intended. The use of incompatible fittings can provide one safeguard against inadvertent connections. 7.2.16 The addition or deletion of process chemicals such as demulsifiers and corrosion inhibitors should be done with the thorough understanding of metallurgical implications. Likewise, changes to operating parameters (e.g. transition temperatures), feedstocks (particularly those containing sulfur), and equipment repairs involving hot work (normalizing, annealing, heat treatment, and weld repair) typically involve detailed job procedures that address metallurgical concerns. Process chemical changes should be reviewed and entered into the facility hazard communication system. 7.2.17 Electrical junction boxes, receptacles, or other service devices should not be used in a classified area unless all bolts, covers, screws, and seals are maintained according to the manufacturers’ recommendations and NFPA 70. Appropriate permits should be issued for repair, maintenance, and replacement of such equipment located within classified areas 7.2.18 Temporary repairs for the control of hydrocarbon leaks, such as epoxy injections, containment boxes (clamps), etc., should be engineered in accordance with appropriate engineering practices and have proper management review and approval via MOC or an equivalent system prior to implementation. All such repairs should be considered temporary until such time as they are safely and permanently repaired (see API 570).
7.4 Loss of Containment 7.4.1 General Leaks and releases represent significant concerns. Containment of hydrocarbons is the primary and most effective fire prevention principle. Containment of hazardous chemicals, such as HF and sulfuric acid, chlorine, etc., is also important to protect personnel responding to a potential fire emergency. Considerations for response to control a leak should include but not be limited to the following: a) protection of personnel against exposure, b) utilization of emergency response personnel and resources, c) isolation of the fuel release or leak at the upstream source, d) isolation of transfer medium, e) isolation of ignition sources, f) containment of product, g) downwind and off-site impact, h) displacement and/or removal of liquids still at risk, i) reduction of hazard zone via application of firefighting foam for vapor suppression, j) development of mitigation cleanup strategies.