API RP 2A-WSD-2000 pdf free download

API RP 2A-WSD-2000 pdf free download.Recommended Practice for Planning, Designing and Constructing Fixed OffshorePlatforms—Working Stress Design.
1.2.5 Access and Auxiliary Systems The location and number of stairways and access boat landings on the platform should be governed by safety con- siderations. A minimum of two accesses to each manned level should be installed and should be located so that escape is possible under varying conditions. Operating requirements should also be considered in stairway locations. 1.2.6 Fire Protection The safety of personnel and possible destruction of equip- ment requires attention to fire protection methods. The selec- tion of the system depends upon the function of the platform. Procedures should conform to all federal, state, and local reg- ulations where they exist. 1.2.7 Deck Elevation Large forces and overturning moments result when waves strike a platform’s lower deck and equipment. Unless the platform has been designed to resist these forces, the eleva- tion of the deck should be sufficient to provide adequate clearance above the crest of the design wave. In addition, consideration should be given to providing an “air gap” to allow passage of waves larger than the design wave. Guide- lines concerning the air gap are provided in 2.3.4d.3 and 2.3.4g. 1.2.8 Wells Exposed well conductors add environmental forces to a platform and require support. Their number, size, and spacing should be known early in the planning stage. Conductor pipes may or may not assist in resisting the wave force. If the plat- form is to be set over an existing well with the wellhead above water, information is needed on the dimensions of the tree, size of conductor pipe, and the elevations of the casing head flange and top of wellhead above mean low water. If the existing well is a temporary subsea completion, plans should be made for locating the well and setting the platform prop- erly so that the well can later be extended above the surface of the water. Planning should consider the need for future wells.
The type, capacity, number and location of the deck cranes should also be determined. If equipment or materials are to be placed on a lower deck, then adequately sized and conve- niently located hatches should be provided on the upper decks as appropriate for operational requirements. The possi- ble use of helicopters should be established and facilities pro- vided for their use. 1.2.11 Spillage and Contamination Provision for handling spills and potential contaminants should be provided. A deck drainage system that collects and stores liquids for subsequent handling should be provided. The drainage and collection system should meet appropriate governmental regulations. 1.2.12 Exposure Design of all systems and components should anticipate extremes in environmental phenomena that may be experi- enced at the site. 1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS 1.3.1 General Meteorological and Oceanographic Considerations Experienced specialists should be consulted when defining the pertinent meteorological and oceanographic conditions affecting a platform site. The following sections present a general summary of the information that could be required. Selection of information needed at a site should be made after consultation with both the platform designer and a meteoro- logical-oceanographic specialist. Measured and/or model- generated data should be statistically analyzed to develop the descriptions of normal and extreme environmental conditions as follows: 1. Normal environmental conditions (conditions that are expected to occur frequently during the life of the structure) are important both during the construction and the service life of a platform. 2. Extreme conditions (conditions that occur quite rarely dur- ing the life of the structure) are important in formulating platform design loadings.