API RP 577-2004 pdf free download

API RP 577-2004 pdf free download.Welding Inspection and Metallurgy.
3.20 distortion: The change in shape or dimensions, tem- porary or permanent, of a part as a result of heating or welding. 3.21 filler metal: The metal or alloy to be added in mak- ing a welded joint. 3.22 fillet weld size: For equal leg fillet welds, the leg lengths of the largest isosceles right triangle that can be inscribed within the fillet weld cross section. 3.23 fusion line: A non-standard term for weld interface. 3.24 groove angle: The total included angle of the groove between workpieces. 3.25 heat affected zone (HAZ): The portion of the base metal whose mechanical properties or microstructure have been altered by the heat of welding or thermal cutting. 3.26 heat input: the energy supplied by the welding arc to the workpiece. Heat input is calculated as follows: heat input = (V × i)/60v, where V = voltage, i = amperage, v =weld travel speed (in./min.) 3.27 hot cracking: Cracking formed at temperatures near the completion of solidification 3.28 inclusion: Entrapped foreign solid material, such as slag, flux, tungsten, or oxide. 3.29 incomplete fusion: A weld discontinuity in which complete coalescence did not occur between weld metal and fusion faces or adjoining weld beads. 3.30 incomplete joint penetration: A joint root condi- tion in a groove weld in which weld metal does not extend through the joint thickness. 3.31 inspector: An individual who is qualified and certi- fied to perform inspections under the proper inspection code or who holds a valid and current National Board Commission.
3.37 lamellar tear: A subsurface terrace and step-like crack in the base metal with a basic orientation parallel to the wrought surface caused by tensile stresses in the through- thickness direction of the base metal weakened by the pres- ence of small dispersed, planar shaped, nonmetallic inclu- sions parallel to the metal surface. 3.38 lamination: A type of discontinuity with separation or weakness generally aligned parallel to the worked surface of a metal. 3.39 linear discontinuity: A discontinuity with a length that is substantially greater than its width. 3.40 longitudinal crack: A crack with its major axis ori- entation approximately parallel to the weld axis. 3.41 nondestructive examination (NDE): The act of determining the suitability of some material or component for its intended purpose using techniques that do not affect its serviceability. 3.42 overlap: The protrusion of weld metal beyond the weld toe or weld root. 3.43 oxyacetylene cutting (OFC-A): An oxygen gas cutting process variation that uses acetylene as the fuel gas. 3.44 PMI (Positive Materials Identification): Any physical evaluation or test of a material (electrode, wire, flux, weld deposit, base metal, etc.), which has been or will be placed into service, to demonstrate it is consistent with the selected or specified alloy material designated by the owner/ user. These evaluations or tests may provide either qualitative or quantitative information that is sufficient to verify the nom- inal alloy composition. 3.45 peening: The mechanical working of metals using impact blows. 3.46 penetrameter: Old terminology for IQI still in use today but not recognized by the codes and standards. 3.47 porosity: Cavity-type discontinuities formed by gas entrapment during solidification or in thermal spray deposit. 3.48 preheat: Metal temperature value achieved in a base metal or substrate prior to initiating the thermal operations.
3.49 recordable indication: Recording on a data sheet of an indication or condition that does not necessarily exceed the rejection criteria but in terms of code, contract or proce- dure will be documented. 3.50 reportable indication: Recording on a data sheet of an indication that exceeds the reject flaw size criteria and needs not only documentation, but also notification to the appropriate authority to be corrected. All reportable indica- tions are recordable indications but not vice-versa. 3.51 root face: The portion of the groove face within the joint root.