API RP 754-2010 pdf free download

API RP 754-2010 pdf free download.Process Safety Performance Indicators for the Refining and Petrochemical Industries.
7 Tier 3 Performance Indicators—Challenges to Safety Systems 7.1 Purpose of Indicator A Tier 3 PSE typically represents a challenge to the barrier system that progressed along the path to harm, but is stopped short of a Tier 1 or Tier 2 LOPC consequence. Indicators at this level provide an additional opportunity to identify and correct weaknesses within the barrier system. Tier 3 indicators are intended for internal Company use and can be used for local (site) public reporting. A Company may use all or some of the example indicators below: — safe operating limit excursions; — primary containment inspection or testing results outside acceptable limits; — demands on safety systems; — other LOPCs. or identify others that are meaningful to its operations. A Company shall develop and use Tier 3 Indicators. 7.2 Examples of Tier 3 PSEs 7.2.1 Safe Operating Limit Excursions 7.2.1.1 Indicator Definition A process parameter deviation that exceeds the safe operating limit (SOL) applicable to the phase of operation. Different operating phases (e.g. regeneration or steps in a batch process) may have different SOLs for the same equipment. Figure 3 depicts the relationship between normal operating limits, high/low alarm limits, and the SOL. Exceeding the SOL represents the point beyond which troubleshooting ends and pre-determined action occurs to return the process to a known safe state. The predetermined action may range from manually executed operating procedures to a fully automated safety instrumented system.
7.2.1.2 Indicator Data Capture A Tier 3 PSE is counted for each SOL excursion that occurred in a specified time period. A Company may want to record the duration of individual SOL excursions and may even calculate the total duration of all SOL excursions. A single initiating event may result in multiple SOL excursions (e.g. site-wide failure of a utility) and each excursion should be counted as a separate Tier 3 PSE. A process condition that hovers near the SOL value may result in multiple excursions. These excursions should be counted as a single Tier 3 PSE. 7.2.2 Primary Containment Inspection or Testing Results Outside Acceptable Limits 7.2.2.1 Indicator Definition An inspection or test finding that indicates primary containment equipment has been operated outside acceptable limits. These findings typically trigger an action, such as replacement-in-kind, repairs to restore fitness-for-service, replacement with other materials, increased inspection or testing, or de-rating of process equipment.
7.2.2.2 Indicator Data Capture A Tier 3 PSE is counted for vessels, atmospheric tanks, piping, or machinery when previous operating pressures or levels exceed the acceptable limits based upon wall thickness inspection measurements. A single Tier 3 PSE is recorded for each pressure vessel or atmospheric tank regardless of the number of individual test measurements found to be below the required wall thickness. A single Tier 3 PSE is recorded for each pipe circuit regardless of the number of individual test measurements below its required wall thickness as long as it is the same line, constructed of the same material, and is in the same service. 7.2.2.3 Calculation Number of equipment pieces found to have operated outside fitness-for-service rating per 100 or 1000 inspections or tests. Equipment types (e.g. pressure vessels, pipes, atmospheric tanks, machinery) should be calculated separately. 7.2.3 Demands on Safety Systems 7.2.3.1 Indicator Definition A demand on a safety system designed to prevent a LOPC or to mitigate the consequences of a LOPC.
7.2.3.2 Indicator Data Capture A Tier 3 PSE is counted for each Demand on Safety Systems event when one of the following occurs: 1) activation of a safety instrumented system; 2) activation of a mechanical shutdown system; 3) activation of a PRD not counted as Tier 1 or Tier 2, regardless of the phase of operation (e.g. start-up, shutdown, normal, temporary, emergency shutdown, regeneration, batch mode). A demand resulting from intentional activation of the safety system during periodic device testing, or manual activation as a part of the normal shutdown process is excluded. 7.2.3.2.1 Activation of a Safety Instrumented System A safety instrumented system (SIS) is considered to have been activated when called upon to function by a valid signal regardless of whether or not the SIS responds. A single initiating event may result in multiple SIS activations (e.g. site-wide power failure) with each SIS activation being counted separately. Inadvertent or intentional activation during maintenance activities should not be counted as a Tier 3 PSE, but may be counted in Tier 4. SIS activation that is configured for equipment protection with no related LOPC protection should not be counted as a Tier 3 PSE.