API TR 17TR1-2003 pdf free download

API TR 17TR1-2003 pdf free download.Evaluation Standard for Internal Pressure Sheath Polymers for High Temperature Flexible Pipes.
3 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS 3. 1 DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply: 3.1 .1 Flexible Pipe: An assembly of a pipe body and end fittings. The pipe body comprises a composite of layered materials (polymeric and metallic) that form a pressure containing conduit. The pipe structure allows large deflections without a significant increase in bending stresses. The term “pipe” is used in this document as a generic term for unbonded flexible pipe. 3.1 .2 Conventional Flexible Pipe: An unbonded flexible pipe which is suitable for internal fluid temperatures of up to 130°C. 3.1 .3 High Temperature Flexible Pipe: An unbonded flexible pipe which is suitable for internal fluid temperatures of between 130 and 200°C. 3.1 .4 Internal Pressure Sheath: The innermost contiguous polymeric layer of an unbonded flexible pipe, designed to contain transported fluids and ensure pipe integrity. 3.1 .5 Candidate Polymer: A polymeric material which is proposed for use as the internal pressure sheath of an unbonded flexible pipe and is being submitted for evaluation testing. 3.1 .6 End Fitting: A mechanical device which forms the transition between the flexible pipe body and the connector. The different pipe layers are terminated in the end fitting in such a way as to transfer the load between the flexible pipe and the connector. 3.1 .7 Test Temperature, Test Pressure: The temperature (T) and pressure (P) at which a test is to be run for the purposes of evaluating a candidate polymer. The choice of test temperature/pressure will depend only on the performance requirements for the proposed application. 3.1 .8 Test Result: The outcome of a materials test. This may be in the form of a physical quantity (e.g., Young’s modulus) or a subjective rating (e.g., blister damage).
3.1 .1 1 Maximum Pipe Service Temperature (MPST): The maximum temperature for which all measured properties meet performance criteria specific to a particular flexible pipe design. For example, the analysis of a particular design might indicate that the allowable strain in a material with a MST of 180°C is exceeded under certain bending conditions at 175°C but not at 170°C—hence MPST must be set to 170°C. Note that the determination of MPST is beyond the scope of this evaluation standard; it is included here for completeness. See Figure 1. 3.1 .1 2 Evaluation Criterion: A predetermined criterion against which test results are compared in order to facilitate the evaluation of a candidate polymer. 3.1 .1 3 Performance Criterion: A performance criterion specifies an acceptable range or limit for a measurable material property, within which a candidate polymer must lie if it is to have any chance of functioning successfully in the high temperature flexible pipe application. 3.1 .1 4 Extrusion: For flexible pipe application, extrusion is the preferred term to describe the deformation (“flow”) of the pressure sheath into armour gaps as a result of applied pressure. Extrusion (of a semi-crystalline polymer) has three components: elastic extrusion, the instantaneous response to the applied stress, plastic extrusion (irrecoverable deformation of the polymer) and time-dependent creep extrusion. For completeness, the definition of creep is also provided. NB Internal pressure sheaths are normally produced by a manufacturing process also termed extrusion, involving polymer melt flow. This is only referred to herein by the term “extruded pipe” or the like. 3.1 . 1 .5 Creep: The increase in strain of a viscoelastic material as the result of a constant applied stress. The response of an amorphous polymeric material to the stress commences with an instantaneous elongation, followed by creep (rapid at first, then slowing to a constant rate).