API TR 2577-2018 pdf free download

API TR 2577-2018 pdf free download.Performance of Full-bore Vortex Meters for Measurement of Liquid Flows.
This technical report provides: — documentation of performance characteristics of full-bore liquid vortex meters for measuring liquid hydrocarbon flows of different API gravity under the field operating conditions and under a controlled environment in a laboratory test facility with water as the proving fluid. — limited laboratory proving facility test results using water as the calibration fluid of several and 2 in. (50 mm) and 4 in. (100 mm) commercially available full-bore vortex meters that are typically installed for non-custody transfer liquid installations. — typical performance of full-bore 4-in. (100-mm) liquid vortex meters for liquid hydrocarbon measurement and to provide guidance in selecting liquid vortex meters for custody transfer measurement. References — API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS) Chapter 4 — ASME Measurement of Fluid — Flow in Pipes Using Vortex Flowmeters (MFC 6-2013), Appendix A — International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML) D 25 Report, Vortex meters used in measuring systems for fluids, 2010 Terms, Definitions, and Abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply. 3.1 accuracy The extent to which the results of a calculation or the readings of an instrument approach the true value. 3.2 bias Any influence on a result that produces an incorrect approximation of the true value of the variable being measured. Bias is the result of a predictable systematic error. 3.3 calibration A set of operations which establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between the values indicated by a measuring device and the corresponding known values indicated when using a suitable measuring standard. 3.4 compensation The adjustment of the measured value to reference conditions (e.g. pressure compensation). 3.5 flowing density The density of the fluid at actual flowing temperature and pressure.
3.6 metering or measurement system A combination of primary, secondary or tertiary measurement components, or a combination thereof, necessary to determine the flow rate. 3.7 performance The response of a measurement device to influence parameters such as operating conditions, installation effects, and fluid properties. 3.8 range of uncertainty The range or interval within which the true value is expected to lie with a stated degree of confidence. 3.9 verification The process or procedure of comparing an instrument to a reference standard to ensure its indication or registration is in satisfactorily close agreement, without making an adjustment. 3.10 uncertainty The amount by which an observed or calculated value may depart from the true value. 3.11 Abbreviations CDP Captive Displacement Prover LPG Liquified Petroleum Gas MF meter factor MM master meter NGL Natural Gas Liquids SVP small volume prover Field of Application Vortex meters are commonly used in the petroleum industry for different applications including and limited to measurement of upstream and downstream liquids, steam, measurement in midstream applications, and chemical and other fluids in process plants. Vortex meters are used in some allocation measurement applications and some are used to measure produced water. Vortex meters essentially have no moving parts with relatively more relaxed mechanical tolerance for the primary element (vortex shedder) and require relatively low maintenance compared to other alternative flow measurement devices for similar application. Test Matrix for Full-bore Vortex Meter It was decided by the members of the API Working Group (WG) for the liquid vortex meter standard to conduct field tests of 4-in. (100 mm) ANSI 600 vortex meters to document its performance for hydrocarbon fluids. Experimental study to document the performance of liquid vortex meters were conducted in two phases: To achieve adequate statistical accuracy for the meter factor, vortex meters require a certain number of shedding cycles. Since shedding cycles are directly tied to total flow volume through the vortex meter, a flow volume that is greater than the volume between the detector switches of a SVP was needed. As the output of 4-in. (100-mm) liquid vortex meters generally apply a time-averaging technique to achieve repeatable vortex shedding frequency—which defines the flow rate output—the run time of a SVP used to calibrate 4-in. (100-mm) flowmeters, especially at high flow rates, was deemed inadequate. Therefore, the transfer proving technique was utilized to document the vortex meter performance. The minimum averaging time of the vortex meter proving run by the MM was defined as 60 seconds, which was mutually agreed upon by the vendors participating in the API sponsored vortex meter performance documentation tests. For a detailed discussion of the relationship between calibration and vortex shedding cycles, see ASME MFC 6-2013 Appendix A. Major vendors, who have vortex meters installed in the petroleum and petro-chemical industries across North America, were invited to participate in the API sponsored field performance experimental study of liquid vortex meters, but only five were involved in the research. One vendor declined to participate and stated that their vortex meters are offered as a flow/process control device for the process industry, and performance of current vortex meters would not meet the precision and repeatability required for fiscal measurement.