ASME B16.1-2010 pdf download
ASME B16.1-2010 pdf download.Gray Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings.
3.2 Flanged Joints A flanged joint is composed of independent interre- lated components; the flanges, the gasket, and the bolt- ing, that are assembled manually. Proper controls must be exercised in the selection and application for these elements to attain a joint that has acceptable leak tight- ness. Special techniques, such as controlled bolt tight- ening described in ASME PCC-1, may be used to achieve a tight joint in service. 3.3 Rating Temperature Temperatures shown for the corresponding pressure rating shall be the material temperature of the pressure- retaining structure. It may be assumed that the material temperature is the same as the fluid temperature. Use of a pressure rating at a material temperature other than that of the contained fluid is the responsibility of the user and subject to the requirements of any applicable code or regulation. 3.4 Low-Temperature Ratings Pressure ratings for temperatures below −29°C (−20°F) should be determined in accordance with low- temperature properties of gray iron (ASTM A 126) as governed by applicable code or regulation. 3.5 Ductility Gray Iron has little ductility, therefore, the resistance of these flanges and flanged fittings to excessive forces and suddenly applied loads is significantly less than for more ductile materials such as steel. The following precautions are recommended: (a) These flanges and flanged fittings should not be used where suddenly applied loads such as rapid pres- sure fluctuation may occur. (b) Alignment of flange faces is essential along with control of assembly bolt torque so as not to over-stress the gray iron flanges. Care should also be exercised to ensure that piping loads transmitted to gray iron flanges are controlled.
7.2 Facing (a) Classes 25 and 125 gray iron flanges and flanged fittings shall be flat faced (i.e., without projection or raised face) and finished in accordance with MSS SP-6. (b) Class 250 flanges and flanged fittings shall have a 2 mm (0.06 in.) raised face of the diameters given in Table 2 and finished in accordance with MSS SP-6. The raised face is included in the minimum flange thickness and center-to-face dimension. 7.3 Center-to-Face Dimensions 7.3.1 Side Outlet Fittings. Side outlet elbows, side outlettees, and side outletcrosses shall have all openings on intersecting centerlines. Long-radius elbows with side outlet shall have the side outlet on the radial center- line of the elbow. 7.3.2 Elbows (a) The center-to-face dimensions for straight-size 90-deg elbows, 90-deg long-radius elbows, 45-deg elbows, side-outlet 90-deg elbows, and double-branch elbows are shown in Tables 3, 4, and 5. (b) Reducing 90-deg elbows, reducing 90-deg long- radius elbows, reducing side-outlet 90-deg elbows, and reducing double-branch elbows shall have the same center-to-face dimensions as straight-size fittings shown in Tables 3, 4, and 5 corresponding to the size of the largest opening. (c) For 90-deg long-radius elbows with side outlet, the center-to-face dimensions of the side outlet shall be the same as dimension A in Tables 3, 4, and 5 for a straight-size 90-deg elbow corresponding to the size of the largest opening. (d) Special-degree elbows ranging from 1 deg to 45 deg, inclusive, shall have the same center-to-face dimensions as those for 45-deg elbows; those over 45 deg and up to 90 deg, inclusive, shall have the same center- to-face dimensions as those for 90-deg elbows. The angle designation of an elbow is the angle between the flange faces. 7.3.3 Tees, Crosses, and Laterals (a) The center-to-face dimensions for straight-size tees and crosses, with or without side outlet, and laterals are shown in Tables 3, 4, and 5.
7.9 Drain Connections 7.9.1 Threaded Connections. Holes may be drilled and tapped in the wall of fittings if the metal thickness is sufficient to provide the effective length of thread as shown in Fig. 2 and as specified in Table 10. Where thread length is insufficient due to metal thickness or size of tapping is such that reinforcement of opening is necessary, an integral boss should be added. In no case shall the effective length of thread A be less than that shown in Table 10. These lengths are equal to the effec- tive thread lengths as shown in ASME B1.20.1. 7.9.2 Location Designation. The method of desig- nating the locations of the tapped holes for drains is shown in Fig. 3. Each location is designated by a letter so that desired locations for the various types of fittings may be definitely specified without the use of further sketches or description. For further tapping details, see MSS SP-45.
