ASME SA234-2015 pdf download

ASME SA234-2015 pdf download.SPECIFICATION FOR PIPING FITTINGS OF WROUGHT CARBON STEEL AND ALLOY STEEL FOR MODERATE AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE SERVICE.
5. Materials 5.1 The material for fittings shall consist ofkilled steel, forgings, bars, plates, seamless or fusion-welded tubular products with filler metal added and shall conform to the chemical requirements of Table 1. Unless otherwise speci- fied for carbon steel plates, the steel may be made to either coarse grain or fine grain practice. Grade WP9 shall be made to fine grain practice. 5.2 A starting material specification that specifically requires the addition of any element beyond those listed for the materials in Table 1 for the applicable grade of material is not permitted. This does not preclude the use of deoxidizers or the judicious use of elements for grain size control. 6. Manufacture 6.1 Forging or shaping operations may be performed by hammering, pressing, piercing, extruding, upsetting, rolling, bending, fusion welding, machining, orby acombi- nation of two or more of these operations. The forming procedure shall be so applied that it will not produce injuri- ous imperfections in the fittings. NOTE 1 — Fittings NPS 4 and under may be machined from hot-forged or rolled, cold-sized, and straightened bar stock having the chemical composition of the Grade in Table 1 and the mechanical properties of the Grade in Table 2. Heattreatmentshall be in accordance withSection 7. All caps machined from bar stock shall be examined by liquid penetrant or magnetic particle in accordance with S52 or S53 in Specification A 960/A 960M. 6.2 All welds including welds in tubular products from which fittings are made shall be (1) made by welders, welding operators, and welding procedures qualified under the provisions of ASME Section IX, (2) heat treated in accordance with Section 7 of this specification, and (3) radiographically examined throughout the entire length of each weld in accordance with Article 2, ASME Section V with acceptance limits in accordance with Paragraph UW-51 of ASME Section VIII, Division 1 of the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code. In place of radiographic examination, welds may be ultrasonically examined in accordance with Appendix 12 of Section VIII. The NDE of welds in Grades WPB, WPC, WP1, WP11 Class 1, WP11 Class 2, WP11 Class 3, WP12 Class 1, WP12 Class 2, and WPR may be performed either prior to or after forming. NDE of welds in Grades WP5, WP9, WP91, WP911, WP22 Class 1, and WP22 Class 3 shall be done after forming. 6.3 Personnel performing NDE examinations shall be qualified in accordance with SNT-TC-1A. 6.4 The welded joints of the fittings shall be finished in accordance with the requirements of Paragraph UW-35(a) of ASME Section VIII, Division 1. 6.5 All butt-weld tees manufactured by cold-forming method(s) shall be liquid penetrant or magnetic particle examined by one of the methods specified in Supplemen- tary Requirement S52 or S53 in Specification A 960/A 960M. This examination shall be performed after final heat treat. Only the side wall area of the tees need be examined. This area is defined by a circle that covers the area from the weld bevel of the branch outlet to the centerline ofthe body orrun. Internal and external surfaces shall be examined when size permits accessibility. No cracks shall be permitted. Other imperfections shall be treated in accordance with Section 13 on Surface Quality. After the removal of any crack, the tee(s) shall be re- examined by the original method. Acceptable tees shall be marked with the symbol PT or MT, as applicable, to indi- cate compliance. 6.6 Stubends may be producedwith the entire lap added by the welding of a ring, made from plate or bar of the same alloy grade and composition, to the outside of a straight section of pipe, provided the weld is double welded, is a full penetration joint, satisfies the requirements of 6.2 for qualifications and 7.3.3 for post weld heat treatment. 7. Heat Treatment 7.1 Heat Treatment Procedures — Fittings, after form- ing at anelevatedtemperature, shall be cooledto atempera- ture below the critical range under suitable conditions to prevent injurious defects caused by too rapid cooling, but in no case more rapidly than the cooling rate in still air. Heat treatment temperatures specified are metal (part) tem- peratures. Heat-treated fittings shall be treated according to paragraph 7 in Specification A 960/A 960M. 7.2 WPB, WPC, and WPR Fittings: 7.2.1 Hot-formed WPB, WPC, and WPR fittings upon which the final forming operation is completed at a temperature above 1150°F [620°C] and below 1800°F [980°C] need not be heat treated provided they are cooled in still air. 7.2.2 Hot-formed or forged WPB, WPC, and WPR fittings finished at temperature in excess of1800°F[980°C] shall subsequently be annealed, normalized, or normalized and tempered. Hot-forged fittings NPS 4 or smaller need not be heat treated. 7.2.3 WPB, WPC, and WPR fittings over NPS 12, produced by locally heating a portion of the fitting stock to any temperature for forming, shall be subsequently annealed, normalized, ornormalizedandtempered. Fittings such as elbows, tees, header tees, reducers and lap joint stub ends with a carbon content less than 0.26%, NPS 12 and under, shall not require heat treatment after forming a locally heated portion of the fitting. 7.2.4 Cold-formed WPB, WPC, and WPR fittings, upon which the final forming operation is completed at a temperature below 1150°F [620°C], shall be normalized, orshall be stress relievedat 1100 to 1275°F[595 to 690°C]. 7.2.5 WPB, WPC, and WPR fittings produced by fusion welding and having a nominal wall thickness at the welded joint of 3 ⁄ 4 in. [19 mm] or greater shall be post- weld heat treated at 1100 to 1250°F [595 to 675°C], or in accordance with 7.2.6. 7.2.6 At the option of the manufacturer, WPB and WPC fittings produced by any of the methods in Section 6 may be annealed, normalized, or normalized and tempered. 7.3 Fittings Other than WPB, WPC, and WPR: 7.3.1 Fittings of Grades WP1, WP11 Class 1, WP11 Class 2, WP11 Class 3, WP12 Class 1, WP12 Class 2, WP22 Class 1, WP22 Class 3, WP5, and WP9 shall be furnished in the full-annealed, isothermal-annealed, or nor- malized and tempered condition. If normalized and tem- pered, the tempering temperature for WP11 Class 1, WP11 Class 2, WP11 Class 3, WP12 Class 1, and WP12 Class 2 shall not be less than 1150°F [620°C]; for Grades WP5, WP9, WP22 Class 1, and WP22 Class 3 the tempering temperature shall not be less than 1250°F [675°C]. 7.3.2 Fittings of Grades WP1, WP12 Class 1, or WP12 Class 2 either hot formed or cold formed may be given a final heat treatment at 1200°F [650°C] instead of the heat treatment specified in 7.3.1. 7.3.3 Fittings in all thicknesses produced by fusion welding after the heat treatment specified in 7.3.1 shall be post-weld heat treated at a temperature not less than prescribed above for tempering except that Grade WP1 is requiredto be post-weldheattreatedonlywhenthe nominal wall thickness at the welded joint is 1 ⁄ 2 in. [13 mm] or greater. 7.3.4 Except when Supplementary Requirement S1 is specified by the purchaser, Grade WP91 shall be normal- ized at 1900°F [1040°C] minimum, and 1975°F [1080°C] maximum, and tempered in the temperature range of 1350°F [730°C] to 1470°F [800°C] as a final heat treatment. 7.3.5 Grade WP911 shall be normalized in the tem- perature range of 1900 to 1975°F [1040 to 1080°C], and tempered in the temperature range of 1365 to 1435°F [740 to 780°C] as a final heat treatment. 7.4 WPB and WPC Fittings Made from Bar — Cold- finished bars reduced in cross-sectional area more than 10% by cold drawing or cold rolling are not acceptable for use in the manufacture of these fittings unless the bars have been either stress relieved in the temperature range of1100 to 1250°F [595 to 675°C], normalized, normalized and tempered, or fully annealed. Mechanical testing must be performed subsequent to the final heat-treating oper- ation. 7.5 Liquid quenching followed by tempering shall be permitted for all grades when approved by the purchaser. Minimum tempering temperature shall be 1100°F [595°C] for WPB, WPC, and WPR, 1150°F [620°C] for Grades WP1, WP11 Class 1, WP11 Class 2, WP11 Class 3, WP 12 Class 1, and WP12 Class 2 and 1250°F [675°C] for Grades WP5, WP9, WP22 Class 1, and WP22 Class 3, and 1350°F [730°C] for Grade WP91 and WP911.